Cratering is a term used to describe:

The term "cratering" specifically refers to the observable imperfections that occur when finishes are applied over surfaces that have been contaminated with non-dissolvable substances, such as dust, oil, or wax. These contaminants can prevent the finish from adhering properly to the surface, leading to irregularities and pits in the coating known as craters. This phenomenon is particularly noticeable when a finish, such as paint or varnish, is applied, as it disturbs the finish's intended smoothness and creates a visually unappealing final product.

Understanding this concept is crucial for anyone involved in cabinet, millwork, and finish carpentry, as the appearance and longevity of the finish are significantly affected by the cleanliness of the substrate prior to application. Proper surface preparation ensures that the finish adheres well and develops a uniform appearance without defects like cratering.